By late summer, a majority of the Arctic Ocean was open water and could have been open to shipping if such a route was desired. The process of re-freezing water involves the release of latent heat and disrupts the normal process of “cold air pooling” in the arctic regions. I know many readers consider themselves closet weather enthusiasts and might have read about ice in the arctic regions decaying to the lowest total coverage ever recorded in September. Last year, this ridge feature was fueled by the prevailing La Nina, a generally positive Arctic Oscillation (AO) and a Madden-Julian Oscillation that never “cycled”. The prevailing variable as opposed to ENSO appears to be the Pacific Decadal Oscillation or PDO. As of now, the most noteworthy aspect of the ENSO situation would be the disappearance of the La Nina which presided over the previous two winters. If one is to thus reserve judgement on the basis of the above two factors, it is time to move on to a third – the snow and ice situation. After loading the Sportsbook Insider software, you’ll instantly see a prediction arrow to alert you about lines that are likely to move. 3. Yoga will be on the move.

Often times, the weather pattern in autumn can exhibit characteristics or closely foreshadow events or patterns that will occur in the upcoming winter. 1994-1995 was essentially a 1-month winter (February) with the rest featuring mild weather and a lack of snow. A winter forecast stemming from the first two more traditional variables would be a very cloudy inconclusive picture. I am going to forecast “average” this year which may seem rather tame but relative to other pre-season forecasts and relative to a more recent 10-year average this is actually rather bold and quite cold. In the past several pre-season prognostications, I have generally biased the forecast toward the warmer side of the 30-degree average since it has been statistically unlikely to get a cold winter relative to this average in recent years. Such a trend could quickly reverse itself of course, but if the high latitude blocking continues as it has over the past 2-3 months, the winter will behave more similar to 2010-2011 and very different verses last year. Lastly, I wanted to allude again to the recent behavioral trends in actual weather during the past few months.

I identify the effect of weather on monthly crime by using a semi-parametric bin estimator and controlling for state-by-month and county-by-year fixed effects. The finite element analyses were directed toward the evaluation of effects of variation of soil shear strength, soil stiffness, support stiffness and system geometry. A strongly negative PDO which lends support to a La Nina contradicts the trends in equatorial sea surface temperatures which have gradually slid toward neutral and is now levitating at just above zero. Look to the way people interacted with each other a 100 years ago, compare how we do it now and get an idear how it wil be in a 100 years from now. This will allow cold and unsettled weather to focus itself in the Rockies while cold an unsettled weather although not totally absent from Vermont will transition through the region only to give way to milder temperatures. Our choice of data sets and the probabilities determined should not be construed as definitive, in any way.

This autumn has featured one of the strongest negative indices going back 50 years and this sets up a very interesting dichotomy. This kind of set-up is a consistently favorable one for severe weather in the Central US. In addition to this is recent trend across the area of drier than normal weather. The rapid expansion of snow and ice in the high latitude regions this fall combined with the recent behavioral trends in the Pacific Ocean and high latitude regions has me thinking this winter will be on the colder side. Check and restock the winter emergency supplies in your car before you leave. A very negative PDO prevailed that winter along with a moderate El Nino. Some forecasts had a significant El Nino developing by late autumn. A quantitative analysis is made of the range of operations for which conventional categorical weather forecasts are useful. Yes, a few forecasts still have a weak ENSO event during the winter months and yes, sea surface temperature anomalies have crossed the “0” line, but they are not significant.

I want to expand on this fact later in what I think further justifies some of my optimism about the coming months. Snowfall I think will be a shade below normal mainly because I think it will be drier than normal. 1961-1962 was a relatively neutral ENSO winter with a very negative PDO and it was generally cold with average snowfall. At the end of last year, I had noted how destructive the upper level ridge in the mid-latitude Pacific was on the winter as a whole. Everyone has huge interest in getting accurate and exact weather report so that they can fully determine how they spend their whole day. In the below map made by The Weather Centre, I outline a new map, the Danger Map. This is a map issued today, outlining the projected hazards over the next week or so. On a larger scale however, I am most interested in contrasting some of these bigger trends year over year. This year there has been virtually no evidence that such a feature will be a persistent problem. The Heavy rain area will be a benefit for drought conditions, which may improve.